Fair Housing Act Archives - FREE CONSULTATION

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that cities can sue banks over predatory mortgage lending to minorities that harms municipal finances, but cast doubt on whether these cases can succeed by throwing out a lower court decision (ruling 8-0) that had allowed litigation brought by the city of Miami to even move forward.

Miami accused Wells Fargo, Bank of America and Citigroup into pushing “non-white” borrowers into higher-cost and riskier loans they often could not afford, even if they had decent credit. As a result of these alleged discriminatory lending practices, property values declined due to the high rate of loan defaults, which led to foreclosures. The city of Miami said it lost property tax revenue and was forced to pay to repair and maintain the properties that went into foreclosure.

Justice Stephen Breyer said Miami had the legal standing to sue the banks, but needed to present more evidence that the injuries it claims to have suffered were tied to alleged violations of the federal Fair Housing Act. Miami accused the banks of a decade of lending discrimination in its residential housing market. Los Angeles, Oakland and several other U.S. cities have filed similar lawsuits.

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Should Bank of America and Wells Fargo be held responsible for potentially billions of dollars in tax revenue Miami and other cities lost after property values plunged in minority neighborhoods due to questionable lending practices and foreclosures?

That’s just one of the tough questions U.S. Supreme Court justices asked in oral arguments over Bank of America v. Miami, which tests the limits of who can sue under the expansive Fair Housing Act.

A series of probing questions from Justice Elena Kagan, the daughter of a housing attorney who served as Solicitor General in the Obama administration said the FHA is “a very peculiar and distinctive kind of anti-discrimination statute that focuses on community harms, not individual injuries,” she said.

The banks had it tough. A pair of Supreme Court precedents established that the FHA extends standing, or the right to sue, “to the full limits of Article III” of the Constitution, including cities and even non-profit organizations dedicated to fighting housing discrimination.

Last year in Texas Dept. of Housing v. Inclusive Communities, Justice Anthony Kennedy upheld the disparate-impact theory in FHA suits, allowing plaintiffs to prove discrimination with statistics instead of direct evidence of discriminatory intent.

Given these precedents, attorney Neal Katyal, arguing for the banks, conceded from the outset that cities can sue under the FHA. He argued Miami was pushing its theory too far, appropriating the injuries allegedly suffered by minority borrowers as its own. That violated the idea of proximate cause as well as the requirement that the lending discrimination falls within the “zone of interest” the city can enforce.

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Tag: Fair Housing Act

Cities Can Sue over Predatory Mortgage Lending but the Standard is high

Supreme Court Examines Whether Miami Can Sue Banks over the Foreclosure Crisis