student loan bankruptcies Archives - Page 3 of 12

Bankruptcy Law, Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Betsy DeVos Loses Student Loan Lawsuit Brought by 19 States – Protections for Student Loan Borrowers Upheld

Posted on September 13, 2018by Admin

A Washington federal court judge ruled this week that U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos and the department’s postponement of the Borrower Defense Rule was ‘procedurally improper.’ The lawsuit, brought by 19 states and the District of Columbia, accused her department of delaying regulations meant to protect students who took out loans to attend college from predatory lending practices.

The Obama administration created the Borrower Defense Rule following disclosures that some for-profit colleges lured students with promises of an education and diplomas that would allow them to get jobs in their chosen fields. However, in the end the diplomas and degrees were not recognized by employers, leaving student loan borrowers with massive amounts of debt and nothing to show for it.

Federal student loan borrowers who attended a school that misled them about the quality of their education may qualify for loan forgiveness under the borrower defense repayment rule.

The Borrower Defense Rule changed the regulations for forgiving student loans in cases of school misconduct and required “financially risky institutions” to be prepared to cover government losses in those instances, according to U.S. District Judge Randolph Moss’s 57-page ruling.

Moss continued, by postponing the effective date of those regulations, the Education Department deprived students “of several concrete benefits that they would have otherwise accrued. The relief they seek in this action — immediate implementation of the Borrower Defense regulations — would restore those benefits.”

Moss’ decision also included claims by two student loan borrowers in a lawsuit filed on behalf by the consumer advocacy group, Public Citizen.

Click here to read more on this story.

For borrowers who are struggling with student loan debt, relief options are available. Many student loan borrowers are unaware that they have rights and repayment options available to them, such as postponement of loan payments, reduction of payments or even a complete discharge of the debt. There are ways to file for bankruptcy with student loan debt. It is important you contact an experienced Miami bankruptcy attorney who can advise you of all your options. As an experienced CPA as well as a proven bankruptcy lawyer, Timothy Kingcade knows how to help clients take full advantage of the bankruptcy laws to protect their assets and get successful results. Since 1996 Kingcade Garcia McMaken has been helping people from all walks of life build a better tomorrow. Our attorneys help thousands of people every year take advantage of their rights under bankruptcy protection to restart, rebuild and recover. The day you hire our firm, we will contact your creditors to stop the harassment. You can also find useful consumer information on the Kingcade Garcia McMaken website at www.miamibankruptcy.com.

Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Women Hold the Majority of Student Loan Debt

Posted on August 30, 2018by Admin

When it comes to who holds the most student loan debt, a recent report issued by the Federal Reserve showed that women carry the highest burden. According to the Federal Reserve data, the total amount of student loan debt is now around $1.52 trillion as of March 2018. Of this amount, women carry $900 billion.

Experts believe that this number is because more women are now attending college than men. According to the American Association of University Women (AAUW), 56 percent of college enrollees in the fall 2016 semester were female. In 2017, it was reported that 57.3 percent of college enrollees were females, which indicates an upward trend.

The data also indicated that women were more likely than men to take on student loan debt. According to the AAUW data for the 2015-2016 school year, 41 percent of all female undergraduate students signed onto a new student loan debt to go to school. Only 35 percent of male undergraduate students did in comparison. Of course, the numbers varied depending on the type of degree being sought, where the student went to school and the degree levels.

Not only were more female students taking out student loan debt, but the loan balances were higher for female students. In fact, the numbers showed that the female student loan balances were 14 percent more than their male counterparts. The female students ended up with around $2,700 more in student loan debt upon graduation than their male colleagues. It could be because the female students were reported as pursuing a graduate degree after undergraduate studies were complete, which only added to their already higher balances.

The problem with these numbers is once women graduate from college, the pay gap that exists between the two genders makes it harder for them to pay off their debts. According to Pew Research, women only make 82 cents for every dollar a man makes in the workforce. Women are also more likely to take time off from their careers to have children and raise a family, only returning to the workforce after the children are grown, which also puts them at a disadvantage for catching up to their male counterparts in income and in paying off their student loan balances.

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Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Resignation of Student Loan Watchdog Demonstrates Trump Administration’s Unwillingness to Protect Borrowers

Posted on August 28, 2018by Admin

The recent resignation of the government’s chief watchdog of the student loan market has raised serious concern among advocates as to how the government will proceed with enforcement. Seth Frotman, the student loan ombudsman at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), resigned this week, in a letter that indicated his resignation came as a direct result of the current administration’s lack of protection for student loan borrowers.

Frotman’s letter was delivered to Mick Mulvaney, the acting director of the CFPB. In the letter, Frotman stated that his departure was a direct result of changes at the bureau, including the lack of enforcement for violations and recent protection that bad lenders have received.

The purpose of the ombudsman position is to protect the interests of student loan borrowers, a number which has now been estimated to be approximately 42 million Americans. It is also estimated that the current figure of outstanding student loan debt is $1.4 trillion.

According to the deputy director of higher education policy at New America, Clare McCann, Frotman’s resignation seemed to come from his frustration in his inability to carry out his original mission when coming onboard at the CFPB. In his letter, Frotman stated, “You have used the bureau to serve the wishes of the most powerful financial companies in America.”

The ombudsman is an important position, serving as the voice for 42 million student loan borrowers. Since 2008, the student loan ombudsman office has reimbursed over $750 million to borrowers who were victims of illegal lending practices and servicing failures.

Frotman has been the student loan ombudsman since 2016. He was key component in the current lawsuit against one of the largest student loan providers, Navient. It was the claim of the CFPB that Navient illegally cheated its borrowers from the right to lower their student loan payments.

The Navient lawsuit is still pending, and many are wondering if the company will be held responsible for its practices. If the ruling is lenient on the company, this will only further demonstrate the concerns advocates have for the direction that is being taken when it comes to representing the rights of student loan borrowers.

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Bankruptcy Law, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

More than 1 million student loan borrowers default each year

Posted on August 23, 2018by Admin

Student loans are a problem for many Americans, but recent loan statistics show just how serious the problem is. More than one million student loan borrowers reportedly go into default on their loan obligations every year, surpassing auto loans and credit card debt.

In fact, the amount of student loan debt Americans carry has tripled in size over the last decade and is now over $1.5 trillion.

Default occurs when a borrower has not made a payment on their loans in over a year, thus triggering the debt being sent to a third-party debt collector.

Why are so many borrowers defaulting on their loans? For many of them, continuing to make the payments has become not feasible. Because of this, it is estimated that approximately 40 percent of borrowers are expected to default on their student loan obligations by the year 2023.

According to a report from the Urban Institute, a progressive Washington, D.C., think tank, within four years after graduating or leaving school, approximately one-fourth of all borrowers have defaulted.

Borrowers who end up defaulting on their loan obligations are less likely to carry some type of debt that requires a risk assessment, like a mortgage or credit card, but they are more likely to have medical bills or utility bills that end up being sent to collections. All these additional debt obligations can put added pressure on the borrower, and for this reason, many of the borrowers will put the student loan payments dead last next to other obligations.

Those who defaulted on their student loan obligations were found to live in an area where the median income was $50,000. Those who did not default on their loan obligations typically lived in areas where the average income was around $60,000.

The report further showed that the amount of the loan balance did not seem to matter. Even those who carried a small loan balance still struggled to pay off their debt.

What happens to a borrower’s loan when it goes into default?

As soon as someone’s student loan goes into default, their credit score will take a hit of approximately 60 points, dropping the average defaulter’s score to 550, which is a “poor” score. If the borrower stays current, the average credit score has been in the high 600s.

If the case ends up going into collections, the borrowers find themselves in the danger zone of receiving a judgment against them and wage garnishment. Collections judgments and wage garnishments can be extremely difficult to shake in bankruptcy cases, which can make the situation even worse if the borrower falls into a dire financial situation.

If someone finds himself or herself not able to make student loan payments, the first recommendation is to contact the student loan servicer. Many of these servicers will work with borrowers on payment plans that are capped at a monthly payment based on a percentage of the borrower’s income. The borrower can request the loan be put in forbearance, which temporarily postpones payment of the debt- however, the interest on the loan will continue to accrue. If the loans are in default, contact the loan servicer to see what can be done to get the account in good standing. The worst thing that a borrower can do is to ignore the loan payment requests.

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Bankruptcy Law, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

New Bankruptcy Rules Proposed for Student Loan Debtors

Posted on July 19, 2018by Admin

According to a recent report from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, it is estimated that there are around 44 million individuals with student loan debt. The report showed that around $1.4 trillion is owed by total student loan borrowers. Of this amount, around 11 percent of that debt is past 90 days overdue. These figures show one common theme: student loan debt affects many Americans and not in the good way.

Student loan debt becomes an even bigger problem for those borrowers who are not able to keep up on their payments. It has traditionally been impossible for a borrower to have his or her student loans discharged in bankruptcy, which meant that these individuals were continued to be burdened by immense debt even after bankruptcy was over. It seems counter-intuitive since the purpose of bankruptcy is to get a financial fresh start, which has led to recent proposals to change the way student loans are handled in bankruptcy.

A recent bill, the HIGHER ED Act, H.R. 5549, introduced in April 2018 by Oregon Democratic Congressman Peter DeFazio has proposed significant changes to how student loans are handled in bankruptcy. The legislation would broaden the legal definition of “undue hardship,” which is the standard used by bankruptcy courts to determine if a borrower is eligible for discharge of his or her student loan debt.

The “undue hardship” determination has never been truly defined, and bankruptcy courts have had to decide on what it means on a case-by-case basis, and this inconsistent application has led to inconsistent rulings across the board. Earlier in 2018, the U.S. Department of Education had issued a statement requesting public comments on whether the undue hardship definition needed to be modified. The Department had previously expressed concerns that the undue hardship test has kept borrowers from trying to see relief from their debts through bankruptcy.

In a recent study written by Jason Juliano at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, it was found that around 40 percent of borrowers who included their student loan debts in their initial bankruptcy filings ended up with some or all of their debt obligation discharged. That number does not seem too bad until it is compared with the 0.1 percent of filers who actually attempted to discharge their student loan debts. This number shows that people simply do not even feel it is worth trying to discharge their student loan debts.

When it comes to bankruptcy and student loan debt, there are some common misconceptions. One being, that student loans are never dischargeable in bankruptcy. In fact, there are ways to file for bankruptcy with student loan debt.

All of the federal courts of appeals, with the exception of the Boston 1^st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals and St. Louis 8^th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals have adopted what is commonly referred to as the Brunner test in defining undue hardship. The test goes through three factors when making this determination:

If the borrower had to continue to pay back the loan, would he or she be able to maintain a minimal standard of living?
Are the borrower’s financial difficulties expected to continue for the next several years, or are they temporary?
Has the borrower made efforts to keep up with student loan payments before deciding to file for bankruptcy?

Under the Brunner Test, the borrower must be able to show that the debt has made it impossible for him or her to support themselves and their families and that the financial situation is not expected to change without the debt being discharged or lifted.

The Department of Education is taking the comments and data received this year and hopes to re-evaluate this criterion. The Department also hopes to change the weights given to each of the three factors and make the discharges more accessible to student loan borrowers who desperately need relief.

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Bankruptcy Law, Debt Relief, Student Loans

Income-Based Repayment Plans – The Pros & Cons

Posted on June 15, 2018by Admin

Many individuals struggle to make their student loan payments, and for those borrowers facing six figures in student loan debt, that one monthly payment can be an overwhelming burden.

However, what happens when a borrower is facing over a million dollars in student loan debt?

For one orthodontist featured in a recent Wall Street Journal article, this was his reality. He owed $1,060,945.42 in student loans, with the interest accruing at a rate of $130 daily, which also comes to $3,900 monthly or $46,800 annually.

His income in 2017 was $225,000, and he is paying his student loans back under a federal government income-based repayment (IBR) program. It can seem hardly fathomable that a man of his income level would qualify for such a program. His monthly student loan payment is $1,600. At this rate, he is not making much of a dent on the interest accruing, and it is likely he will stay on his IBR program for the 25-year period allowed. However, after that time, even though he has made barely a dent in the total balance, his student loans will be forgiven with the negative income tax consequences following, of course.

Only 101 of approximately 41 million student loan borrowers owe that much in student loan debt, but for certain career fields, like medical or law, these debts can quickly add up to $500,000 easily.

The average law student debt varies depending on the school location and any discounts offered in the tuition for the student. However, taking the tuition, costs, and living expenses into account, a law student can come out with $200,000 plus in student loan debt. The law graduate’s dream is to land that high paying firm job, but most end up starting at a salary between $40,000 and $65,000. It is easy to see how someone can become stuck on an income-based program by paying the minimum monthly on a relatively small salary compared to what is owed.

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Bankruptcy Law, Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Student Loans and Bankruptcy: Fixing a Broken System

Posted on May 30, 2018by Admin

Student loan borrowers have continuously run into roadblocks when it comes to their student loan debt being discharged in bankruptcy cases. Many students graduate with well over six figures in student loan debt, causing them financial hardship for years.

The Department of Education recently solicited comments and input on what loan holders should consider when making a determination on whether to discharge student loans in bankruptcy. As a result, the Department ended up receiving over 400 comments in response to this request.

Currently borrowers have to prove that paying the student loan debt would constitute an “undue hardship” to the borrower. Traditionally, this standard has been a very hard one to meet. For student loans issued by the government, borrowers have had to jump a rather high hurdle to show this undue hardship. In addition, no set standard has been issued for determining what an undue hardship is, resulting in different courts applying different standards.

Only Congress can modify how the law handles discharging student loan debt in bankruptcy cases, but the Department of Education does have some say in making a recommendation on how these cases are handled. An official memo from the Department may go a long way in providing guidance for judges when evaluating these cases.

One possible change is clear criteria will be given to help determine what an undue hardship is. One recommendation has been establishing whether a student loan borrower is near the poverty line, has been determined to be unemployable due to a disability or whether the person is a caretaker for someone who is disabled or chronically ill.

Another recommendation was to make the standard more lenient to allow for more borrowers to be able to discharge student loans in bankruptcy. Congress has never given a clear definition for what undue hardship consists of, but many courts have used the “Brunner” test to determine what this means.

The Brunner test requires that the borrower show that he or she has made a good faith effort in repaying the debt, that the financial circumstance is such that the person cannot have a reasonable standard of living if he or she has to repay the debt, and this financial situation is likely to continue in the future. The problem is this standard is not easy to meet with each court viewing it differently. It has been recommended that courts use a more lenient standard called the totality of the circumstances test, which looks broadly at the debtor’s financial situation to determine if paying the loan(s) back constitutes a hardship.

Other comments suggested that the Department and loan issuers also consider whether the borrower finished college and whether he or she was victim of fraudulent conduct before making an ultimate determination on whether the debt should be discharged. This recommendation follows the issues that have followed students who have attended for-profit colleges who have been accused of enticing students to attend their schools with inflated job placement figures and graduation rates.

The strict standards that have been used in not allowing borrowers to have their student loan obligations discharged have kept many from pursuing bankruptcy when they arguably need this relief the most.

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Bankruptcy Law, Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Changes on the Horizon for Bankruptcy and Student Loan Debt

Posted on May 16, 2018by Admin

In the past it has been nearly impossible to discharge student loans in bankruptcy. This issue has kept many individuals from filing for bankruptcy as they have seen it as not helping relieve them of the biggest debt they carry: student loan debt. That all could change after the U.S. Department of Education announced this year that it will be reviewing its policies and potentially changing the way student loan debt is treated in bankruptcy.

It is estimated that student loan borrowers in the U.S. owe a total of $1.5 trillion in student loan debt. According to the Brookings Institute, around 40 percent of these individuals will end up defaulting on their loans by the year 2023.

The current test for showing that student loan debt should be discharged bankruptcy is the undue hardship test. However, this standard is very subjective, and does not leave a definitive standard across the board of what amounts to undue hardship. Even Florida bankruptcy courts vary in their determination on what defines undue hardship.

The most commonly-used test is the “Brunner Test,” which requires the borrower to show that he or she cannot maintain a basic standard of living while making student loan payments. The borrower has to show that this undue hardship would last throughout the entire repayment period in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, and he or she will need to show that efforts have been made to try to repay federal loans.

The Department of Education is looking for ways to clearly define the undue hardship standard. According to Clare McCann, a deputy director of higher education policy at New America, it is likely the Department will broaden the definition.

The Chair of the Federal Reserve, Jerome Powell, recently testified before Congress that the student debt crisis has the possibility of seriously hurting the economy if changes are not made.

A date has not been given for when the determination will happen, but it is one step closer to a change that will make a difference in the current student loan debt crisis in the country.

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Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

Student Loan Debt is Doubling, Tripling, and Even Quadrupling for Some

Posted on May 8, 2018by Admin

For a number of individuals, what they borrow in student loans can end up being only a portion of what they wind of up owing. Student loan debt stands at a staggering $1.5 trillion and outstanding student loan debt has tripled over the last decade in the U.S. This is in part due to many borrowers seeing their balances spiral out of control. According to Persis Yu, director of the Student Loan Borrower Assistance Project at the National Consumer Law Center, “There are ways these loans are structured that encourage this ballooning.”

Many schools have hired consultants to ‘encourage’ struggling borrowers to put their loans into forbearance, which provides a temporary postponement of payments, for a three-year window, according to an April report by the Government Accountability Office (GOA). While forbearance prevents a borrower from defaulting and accumulating late fees, there are better options, such as income-driven repayment plans.

When a borrower’s student loans go into forbearance the interest on the debt continues to accumulate. Borrowers are often shocked by the new, higher balance. Another disappointment is the 2007 program, Public Service Loan Forgiveness, which allows certain student loan borrowers in government or non-profit public service jobs to wipe out their remaining debt after 10 years of on-time payments. However, a number of students claim that after making 10 years of payments and trying to obtain forgiveness on the remaining balance, were told they did not qualify because they had the ‘wrong type’ of loan. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau issued a report last year about how many people believe they are paying their way toward Public Service Loan Forgiveness only to learn they do not actually qualify for one technical reason or another.

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Bankruptcy Law, Debt Relief, Student Loans, Timothy Kingcade Posts

The Dangers of Co-Signing a Student Loan

Posted on May 3, 2018by Admin

It has become common practice for parents of high school students looking to enter college in the fall to co-sign or take out private loans to help their children afford the costs associated with a higher education. Many times, the scholarships (if available to the student) have already been maximized, and the financial aid offered through federal loans simply is not enough to cover the complete costs of college. However, according to a recent study taking on a private loan or co-signing on one to help a child go to college can seriously hurt the parent later when it comes to retirement.

Most private student loans require a co-signer since most high school students do not graduate with well-established credit. Parents will often jump to co-sign, not even thinking of the potential consequences.

“It’s portrayed to them as if they’re going to simply be a reference or endorser, when the truth is they‘ll be obligated to pay this loan if something happens and the primary borrower can’t pay,” said Seth Frotman, Student Loan Ombudsman at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). “We now see more and more cosigners going into retirement facing unprecedented levels of student debt.”

According to a survey released by the website LendEDU, a site that specializes in student loan refinancing and private student loan borrowing, of the 500 parents who co-signed on their children’s loans, one-third of them did not fully understand the consequences of co-signing. Out of that number, 35 percent of them later said they regretted doing it. More than half of them said their credit scores took a hit after co-signing. More than one-third of them said that the lower credit scores later hurt their chances of qualifying for any financing in the future.

The parent’s credit can be negatively affected if the child later misses payments or fails to pay the loan on time. The survey also showed that more than one-third of the parents picked up the loan payments for their children.

However, what happens if the parent is unaware their child is keeping up on the loan payments? Many cosigners are not informed of the status of their co-signed loans until it is too late- many times to the point where interest had accumulated and fees had been assessed. The survey also showed that more than half of the parents worried that their child’s student loan debt would jeopardize their retirement plans.

Every student is different, and while some may naturally be responsible, get a job straight out of college and make payments on the loans without any issue, many students fail to understand the responsibility of paying back these loans and are not so fortunate with their job prospects upon graduation.

One option available is a Tuition Installment Plan (TIP). Through a TIP program, the college may divide tuition into equal monthly payments with no interest added. If the parent or child can afford it, this avoids making one lump sum payment and avoids taking out the additional private loan to cover costs. However, look into whether the student’s specific college offers this option.

We have written previous blog postings on the dangers of co-signing a loan – which puts more than your name on the line. If you have any questions on this topic, feel free to contact our firm.

There are ways to file for bankruptcy with student loan debt. For borrowers who are struggling with student loan debt, relief options are available. Many student loan borrowers are unaware that they have rights and repayment options available to them, such as postponement of loan payments, reduction of payments or even a complete discharge of the debt. It is important you contact an experienced Miami bankruptcy attorney who can advise you of all your options. As an experienced CPA as well as a proven bankruptcy lawyer, Timothy Kingcade knows how to help clients take full advantage of the bankruptcy laws to protect their assets and get successful results. Since 1996 Kingcade Garcia McMaken has been helping people from all walks of life build a better tomorrow. Our attorneys help thousands of people every year take advantage of their rights under bankruptcy protection to restart, rebuild and recover. The day you hire our firm, we will contact your creditors to stop the harassment. You can also find useful consumer information on the Kingcade Garcia McMaken website at www.miamibankruptcy.com.